固定化藻类对污水中磷的净化能力研究

采用海藻酸钙凝胶包埋固定藻类,对人工污水进行静态模拟净化试验,研究了蛋白核小球藻、突变衣藻、鱼腥藻和双对栅藻在固定和悬浮状态下对污水中磷的净化效率以及藻类的生长特性。结果表明：固定化藻细胞比悬浮态藻细胞具有生长更趋于稳定、藻类的活性保持时间更长的优势。4种藻类中,小球藻和鱼腥藻在污水中的生长状况更好,较适宜采用海藻酸钙凝胶包埋固定化技术。在固定状态下,蛋白核小球藻、突变衣藻、鱼腥藻和双对栅藻对磷的去除率在第3天达到最大值,分别为39.8%、28.3%、33.0%和30.7%。因此,小球藻更适用于去除污水中的磷,是较为优良的除磷藻种。     

铁锰微量元素对淡水藻类的生长影响研究

以北京市玉渊潭湖自然水体中的藻类为研究对象,分析了Fe3+,Mn2+对藻类生长的影响.结果表明,Fe3+能极大地促进藻类对N,P的吸收,使藻类成倍的增殖,各质量浓度(ρ)表现的促进作用强弱顺序为500,50,5,5 000μg.L-1;在营养充分时,Fe3+可能会成为诱发水华的主要因素.Mn2+对藻类生长的促进作用低于Fe3+,试验结果表明,最适ρ(Mn2+)为50μg.L-1,当ρ(Mn2+)=40 000μg.L-1时,藻类的生长受到抑制.     

通榆河浮藻制沼气试验研究

采用自制的1 000 mL厌氧发酵罐研究了经脱水的通榆河浮藻在室温下发酵50 d过程中产沼气量及其发酵物相关特性.结果表明,接种物与浮藻体积比为1 ∶ 2,TS产沼气潜力为365.44 mL/g,VS的产沼气潜力为372.13 mL/g,沼气中甲烷平均含量为61.84%,产气情况最佳.试验可以证明,通榆河浮藻可以用来发酵制取沼气.     

藻类对矿石磷转化利用的研究

通过对沙角藻利用磷矿石粉作为唯一磷源生长状况的研究吸对其转化利用矿石磷情况的测定,结果表明该藻不仅能转化利用矿石磷粉中的磷以满足其本身生长的需要,而且可提高介质中有效磷的浓度为其它生物的生长提供磷源。     

Vestimentiferans (Pogonophora) in the Pacific and Indian Oceans: a new genus from Lihir Island (Papua New Guinea) and the Java Trench,with the first report of Arcovestia ivanovi from the North Fiji Basin

Explorations by the German Research Vessel Sonne in the fore-arc and back-arc basins of the western Pacific Ocean have collected vestimentiferan tube worms from both warm vent and cold seep sites. Edison Seamount is a small volcanic cone on the southern flank of Lihir Island, in the Tabar-Feni island chain. Beds of vesicomyid clams on the summit (1450 m depth) are associated with hydrothermal effluent, whereas an uplifted scarp (1600 m depth) nearby is covered by low temperature gas-rich sediments. A methane anomaly has been detected in the water column above the scarp. The benthic fauna includes vestimentiferan tubeworms and bathymodiolid mussels. Bottom photographs show that the vestimentiferans occur singly or in small groups. Four specimens were collected by TV-guided grab. They are described as a new species of a new genus, related to the cold-seep genus Escarpia, of the family Escarpiidae. A single specimen obtained from the landward slope of the Java Trench (1500m) is identified as the same species, extending its area of distribution by some 6000 km westward. Arcovestia ivanovi, already known from hydrothermal vents in the Manus Basin, has now been obtained from a hydrothermal site in the North Fiji Basin.     

稀土对藻类生长影响的研究进展

三十年来,针对稀土对藻类的生长影响已经得到了较多研究.它主要表现在两个方面:一是针对防治水体富营养化而开展的稀土元素对藻类的生长影响研究;另一方面是以养殖经济藻类为目的而开展的研究工作.文章从这两个角度出发,综述稀土对藻类生长的影响研究进展,并在此基础上指出今后重点研究方向.     

湖泊水给水处理工艺的论证

以试验为基础,论证了用部分回流气浮法处理含藻湖泊水的可行性及在气浮处理工艺中加设贮气罐的好处．     

转基因小球藻生长动力学、藻粉和油脂产量的研究

对3株导入外源基因的转基因小球藻(Chlorella ellipsoidea SD-0702,C.ellipsoidea SD-0705,C.ellipsoidea SD-0706)进行生长动力学、藻粉产量和产油脂能力的研究,并且与野生型小球藻(C.ellipsoidea SD-0701)进行比较.结果表明:(1)SD-0705的比生长速率最大,代时最短,与SD-0706的比生长速率均高于SD-0701,SD-0702则低于SD-0701;(2)SD-0705和SD-0706的藻粉得率均高于SD-0701,SD-0702则较野生型小球藻低;(3)SD-0705的油脂产量最高,为0.470 g/L,高于SD-0701,其他2株转基因小球藻的油脂产量均低于野生型小球藻.由此筛选出SD-0705作为藻粉和油脂的高产藻株.     

Study on contrast test of PPC pre-oxidation and coagulation for algae removal and deodorization

The effect of treating algae-bearing water and induced odor by use of permanganate potassium composite （PPC） pre-oxidation was investigated, and was compared with the effect of treatments by pre-chlorination, permanganate petassium pre-oxidation and simple coagulation. The results showed that simple coagulation and pre-chlorination were less effective in removing algae and its odor, whereas PPC pre-oxidation was the most effective in algae removal and deodorization. Upon oxidation with PPC, the cells of Oscillatoria agardhic were inactivated and some intra-cellular and extra-cellular components were released into the water, which may help the coagulation by their bridging effect. The efficient removal of algae by PPC pre-oxidation is believed to be the joint contribution of several mechanisms.     

大兴安岭达尔滨湖及其周围沼泽区的藻类植物

报道了大兴安岭达尔滨湖及其周围沼泽地区的藻类共234个分类单位（不包括硅藻门和鼓藻类藻类）,隶属于6门79属197种31变种6变型.其中小桩藻属的鸟头小桩藻勃氏变种Characium ornithocephalum var.pringsheimii（A.Br.）Kom.、球枝小桩藻Characium pluric-occum Kor.并联藻属的克斯克并联藻Quadrigula korsikovii Kom.、十字藻属的直角十字藻Cru-cigeniella rectangularis（Ng.）Kom.为中国新纪录.